Aging Biomarkers
The molecular and functional markers researchers use to measure biological age and healthspan, from epigenetic clocks to grip strength, with how much evidence backs each one.
Body Composition (Visceral Fat)
Fat stored around internal organs carries meaningfully higher metabolic and cardiovascular risk than fat elsewhere in the body, making visceral fat a better aging signal than body weight alone.
Epigenetic Clocks
DNA methylation-based biological age estimates. The most studied class of biomarkers for measuring biological rather than chronological age.
Gait Speed
Usual walking speed, one of the simplest, longest-established functional markers in geriatric medicine for predicting mobility decline and mortality risk.
Glucose Regulation
Blood sugar control markers that reflect metabolic aging. Chronic glucose dysregulation accelerates multiple aging pathways.
Grip Strength
Functional strength marker often associated with aging outcomes. Declining grip strength correlates with increased all-cause mortality risk.
Inflammatory Markers
Signals associated with chronic inflammation and aging risk. Elevated chronic inflammation is linked to accelerated biological aging.
Proteomic Aging Clocks
A newer class of biological age estimate built from blood plasma proteins rather than DNA methylation, with early versions able to estimate the aging rate of individual organs.
Telomere Length
Length of protective caps on chromosomes that shorten with age. Controversial as a standalone biomarker due to high variability.
VO2 Max
Cardiorespiratory fitness marker associated with healthspan and mortality risk. One of the strongest predictors of longevity in otherwise healthy adults.